Phenomenon
Can an objective classical model reproduce the qualitative effect at all?
Quantum mechanics is understandable. That does not make it necessary.
Take every phenomenon advertised as “uniquely quantum.” Strip away the label. State the observation. Then force the strongest continuous-field, stochastic and dynamical models to reproduce it—or fail in public.
Physics learned an astonishingly successful calculus and then too often promoted the calculus into an ontology.
The historical story is familiar: blackbody radiation “killed classical physics,” tunneling “cannot happen classically,” dispersion forces “prove vacuum fluctuations,” and Bell “proves reality cannot be classical.” Each sentence compresses a much narrower result into a much larger metaphysical verdict.
Rayleigh–Jeans equipartition is not all classical thermodynamics. Newtonian billiard balls are not all classical wave mechanics. Empty Maxwell vacuum is not all stochastic electrodynamics. Local noncontextual hidden variables are not all realist dynamics. The reconstruction program starts by refusing this substitution.
Can an objective classical model reproduce the qualitative effect at all?
Can it recover the measured functional dependence and scale?
Can it reproduce noise, correlations, waiting times and higher moments?
Can one coherent dynamics survive many phenomena without ad-hoc repairs?
Can it make a discriminating prediction before the experiment is known?
Do not rename a successful continuous-field mechanism “quantum in disguise” merely because ℏ appears.
Experiments record clicks, currents, spectra, forces, trajectories and correlations. “Wavefunction,” “collapse,” “virtual particle,” and “quantum vacuum” are theoretical structures used to organize those records.
That structure works extraordinarily well. The reconstruction program does not deny the success. It denies the non sequitur that predictive success makes one ontology compulsory.